AUCTORES
Globalize your Research
Research Article | DOI: https://doi.org/10.31579/2642-9756/150
The Bowling Green Study Center, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA.
*Corresponding Author: William E. Feeman Jr., The Bowling Green Study Center, Bowling Green, Ohio, USA
Citation: William E. Feeman, (2023), Angiographic Changes Associated with Dyslipidemia Therapy, J. Women Health Care and Issues. 6(3); DOI:10.31579/2642-9756/150
Copyright: © 2023, William E. Feeman. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Received: 21 April 2023 | Accepted: 10 May 2023 | Published: 26 May 2023
Keywords: prepregnancy awareness disorders; anaemia; micronutrients; hygiene; effects
Background
Every pregnant woman faces risk of complications during pregnancy, birth, not only due to pregnancy, birth related
problems but preexisting disorders which get exaggerated during pregnancy. Prepregnancy awareness of various
prepregnancy, peripregnancy factors for safe maternity is essential.
Objective:
Community based study was to know awareness about prepregnancy issues for safe maternity.
Material methods
Study was conducted in tribal communities of remote forestry hilly region. Randomly from each village 20 married
women of 15-40 yr in whom pregnancy was possible, 2400 became study subjects in 100 villages around village with
health facility.
Results
Of 2400 study subjects, 1396 (58.2%) had scatchy awareness, 30.3% right age for pregnancy, 34.2% possibility of
diseases running in family, 35.5% essentiality of knowing last menstruation date (LMD), 935 (35.10%) necessity of
good health, 45.6% stress free life, 24.4% avoidance of heavy work and 30% need of care for good health during
pregnancy. Only 1247 (52%) were aware of prepregnancy anaemia, (27% said it was due to lack of food, 73% lack of
supplements), 51.7% knew about need of extra micronutrients, (41.7% by blood improving tablets, 58.3% extra energy
providing diet), 1039 (43.3%) were aware of need of prepregnancy prevention / treatment, of anaemia for preventing
complications, (34.6% giddiness, 29.4% legs swelling, nausea, 36.0% dangers of bleeding), 1164 (48.5%) were aware
of genital hygiene, (38.0% said prevented genital infection, 62.0% urinary infection, retention).
Conclusion
Many women lacked awareness of appropriate interval, preexisting medical disorders, medication, environment, health
care before / during pregnancy hygiene. Age, economic status, education, occupation opportunities of meeting others
affected awareness.
It is common parlance that it does not make a difference how one lowers low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), so long as LDL-c is brought down low enough. The purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between LDL-c lowering and changes in angiograms in eight published angiographic regression trials.
Methods:
This author has in his physical possession the databases of eight published angiographic regression trials: the Program on the Surgical Control of the Hyperlipidemias (POSCH) (1), National Heart Lung and Blood Institute Type II Coronary Intervention Study (NHLBI) (2), Saint Thomas Atherosclerosis Regression Study (STARS) (3), Familial Athrosclerosis Treatment Study (FATS) (4), Lipoprotein and Coronary Atherosclerosis Study (LCAS) (5), Pravastatin to Limit Atherosclerosis in the Coronary Arteries (PLAC-I) (6), the Regular Physical Exercise and Low Fat Diet study (Heidelberg study) (7), and the Lopid Coronary Angiography Trial (LOPID) (8).With the exception of STARS, all trials have associated lipid and systolic blood pressure data. (In the case of STARS, full lipid data is not available because this author did not request such data.) End-of-trial (EOT) lipid data was examined in terms of the final angiographic changes, and such findings are the subject of this manuscript.
First, a caveat. All of these studies were performed prior to the beginning of the 21st century, when the standard methodology for measuring high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) was the precipitation method. At least in Wood County, Ohio, in May of 1999, the methodology was changed to the enzymatic method. These differing methodologies do not give the same values for HDL-c, the newer (enzymatic) methodology giving a result on the order of 10 mg/dl (0.25 mmoles/L) higher than the result that would have been obtained, had the precipitation method been used. This is important because LDL-c is not generally measured, but rather calculated by the Friedewald formula: LDL-c= CT---HDL-c – TG/5, where CT means total cholesterol and TG means triglycerides. (9) Since the HDL-c values are on the order of 10 mg/dl (0.25 mmoles/L) when the enzymatic method is used, the calculated LDL-c levels will be appropriately on the order of 10 mg/dl (0.25 mmoles/L) lower. This needs to be considered in interpreting the data reported here. This finding is not trivial. The author has reported the case of a patient who suffered an acute myocardial infarction in the absence of any risk factors for atherothrombotic disease—albeit his lipid had not been measured. The patients myocardial infarction occurred while he was in another town and lipids measured at the time of the event were mildly abnormal when measured by the enzymatic method, but much more abnormal when converted to their precipitation method equivalent. When the lipids were converted to their precipitation method equivalent, the prediction was that his event would occur in the sixth decade of life, and he was 53 at the time of his event. [10]
Table I show the distributions of EOT LDL-c in seven angiographic regression trials. (STARS data is not included due the fact that the author only requested a ratio between LDL-c and HDL-c, as explained earlier.) In most of the trials, LDL-c and angiographic plaque progression fall in tandem. This is best seen in POSCH, NHLBI, FATS, and to a lesser extent in LCAS and LOCAT. POSCH utilized the partial ileal bypass surgery as its treatment moiety; NHLBI utilized cholestyramine; FATS utilized a basic treatment of colestipol, combined with either a niacin arm or a lovastatin arm; LCAS utilized fluvastatin, with addition of cholestyramine if the baseline LDL-c exceeded 160 mg/dl after initial dietary therapy; and LOCAT utilized gemfibrozil. PLAC-1, on the other hand, utilized pragvastatin, while Heidelberg was a diet/exercise study.
Table I: End of Trial LDL-C
POSCH Means Program on the Surgical Control of the Hyperlipidemias
NHLBI Means National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
FATS Means Familial atherosclerosis Treatment Study
LCAS Means Lipoprotein and Coronary Atherosclerosis Study
PLAC-1 Means Pravastatin Limitation of Atherosclerosis in the Coronary Arteries
Heidelburg Means Study on The Effects of Regular Physical Exercise and Low-Fat Diet on the Progression of Coronary Artery Disease
LOCAT Means Lopid Coronary Angiography Trial
Table II shows the proportion of trials with EOT LDL-c of 99 mg/dl (2.5 mmoles/L) or less. There is clearly an imbalance in the trials, with POSCH achieving the most patients at this goal, followed by FATS and LCAS. NHLBI does not have many patients at this level, but then start of trial LDL-c levels were very high and with only cholestyramine as the treatment moiety, very low levels of LDL-c were very hard to achieve. LOCAT utilized gemfibrozil, which is not indicated in pure hypercholesterolemia but finds its best use in patients with low HDL-c and high TG. [11]
It is clear from Table I that at any given level of EOT LDL-c, the rate of plaque progression differs in the various studies. Thjs implies that since the EOT LDL-c levels are the same, then the difference if plaque progression levels may be due to the means by which LDL-c was lowered.
| Trial | No Patients with LDL-C < 99> | Total Patients | % Of Total |
| POSCH | 269 | 731 | 37% |
| NHLBI | 2 | 90 | 2% |
| FATS | 32 | 120 | 27% |
| LCAS | 76 | 333 | 23% |
| PLAC-1 | 30 | 320 | 9% |
| Heidelburg | 3 | 89 | 3% |
| LOCAT | 37 | 371 | 10% |
Table II: End of Trial LDL-C
POSCH Means Program on the Surgical Control of the Hyperlipidemias
NHLBI Means National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
FATS Means Familial atherosclerosis Treatment Study
LCAS Means Lipoprotein and Coronary Atherosclerosis Study
PLAC-1 Means Pravastatin Limitation of Atherosclerosis in the Coronary Arteries
Heidelburg Means Study onThe Effects of Regular Physical Exercise and Low-Fat Diet on the Progression of Coronary Artery Disease
LOCAT Means Lopid Coronary Angiography Trial
Table III does a similar analysis, but this time examining only those trials with LDL-c of 99 mg/dl (2.5 mmoles/L). Again, as LDL-c decreases, the rate of plaque progression decreases and even at very low levels of EOT LDL-c, there is a difference in plaque progression rates in the various trials. Unfortunately, the plaque progression rates with so few patients makes analysis difficult. However, one can analyze the Table III data in terms of cumulative decline in LDL-c and plaque progression rates. This is done in Table IV. In Table IV, POSCH has a low overall plaque progression rate and this does not improve as LDL-c levels continue to decline and NHLBI has no plaque progression, though patient numbers in this group are very small. In FATS, the plaque progression rate is low below the 80 mg/dl level and is null below the 70 mg/dl level, though again numbers are small. In LCAS and LOCAT plaque progression rated do not reach the null level until LDL-c levels drop below the 60 mg/dl level. In pLAC-1 null rates of plaque progression are never achieved.
| Trial | Angiographic Outcome | 90-99 | 80-89 | 70-79 | 60-69 | 50-59 | 40-49 | < 39> |
| POSCH | Progression Non Progression ∑ % Progression | 0 73 73 0% | 0 69 69 0% | 0 60 60 0% | 0 31 31 0% | 1 16 17 6% | 0 4 4 0% | 1 14 15 7% |
| NHLBI | Progression Non Progression ∑ % Progression | 0 1 1 0% |
|
| 0 1 1 0% | |||
| FATS | Progression Non Progression ∑ % Progression | 1 8 9 11% | 3 9 12 25% | 1 6 7 14% | 0 2 2 0% | 0 2 2 0% | ||
| LCAS | Progression Non Progression ∑ % Progression | 9 20 29 31% | 9 20 29 31% | 1 10 11 9% | 2 4 6 33% | 0 1 1 0% | ||
| PLAC-1 | Progression Non Progression ∑ % Progression | 8 10 18 44% | 2 5 7 29% | 2 1 3 67% | 0 1 1 0% | 1 0 1 100% | ||
| Heidelburg | Progression Non Progression ∑ % Progression | 2 1 3 67% | ||||||
| LOCAT | Progression Non Progression ∑ % Progression | 9 7 16 56% | 5 6 11 45% | 2 3 5 40% | 1 2 3 33% | 0 3 3 0% |
Table III: End of Trial LDL-C
POSCH Means Program on the Surgical Control of the Hyperlipidemias
NHLBI Means National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
FATS Means Familial atherosclerosis Treatment Study
LCAS Means Lipoprotein and Coronary Atherosclerosis Study
PLAC-1 Means Pravastatin Limitation of Atherosclerosis in the Coronary Arteries
Heidelburg Means Study on The Effects of Regular Physical Exercise and Low-Fat Diet on the Progression of Coronary Artery Disease
LOCAT Means Lopid Coronary Angiography Trial
There can be no doubt about the link between dyslipidemai and ATD. The author has shown that, at least in primary prevention, the population at risk of ATD can be predicted by analysis of the risk factor milieu. (12) Unfortunately, studies in secondary prevention tend to treat ATD risk factors as independent agents. The author has previously shown that there appears to be a lower limit of LDL-c, below which plaque progression rates to not improve. [13] This paper builds on that analysis.
In the 1980’s and 1990’s, serial angiograms were the method mainly used in randomized controlled clinical trials to assess the outcomes of lipid lowering therapy on ATD. Such trials were easier to do and did not take as much time as clinical event outcomes trials and were less subject to interpretation. The angiographic trials described in this paper are examples of those trials. Angiographic non-progression was associated with fewer future ATD events. (14-16)
The current mantra is “Lower is better.” However, as William E.Conner,MD, pointed out, one does not treat a factor, such as cholesterol, to achieve a given number, but rather to prevent disease. (Medical World News, mid-1970’s) The purpose of this paper is to show the level of LDL-c lowering that achieves that goal.
Table IV shows that at LDL-c levels below 80 mg/dl (precipitation method of HDL-c measurement, but 70 mg/dl if the enzymatic method is utilized), plaque progression rates are virtually constant at 7%. However, this is an overall rate and the individual studies have different individual rates. There is no level of LDL-c in the overall analysis that guarantees a null rate of plaque progression. On the other hand, not all plaque progression is due to the atherosclerotic process. Specifically, plaques can appear to progress if there is an intra-plaque hemorrhage or plaque erosion with thrombus formation and can appear to regress as the intra-plaque hemorrhage resolves or the thrombus lyses. Given this qualifier, the question becomes a consensus of what level of plaque progression one is willing to accept--given that some plaque progression may be a false positive result.
Table IV: Plaque Progression with Respect to End of Trial LDL-c
POSCH Means Program on the Surgical Control of the Hyperlipidemias
NHLBI Means National Heart Lung and Blood Institute
FATS Means Familial atherosclerosis Treatment Study
LCAS Means Lipoprotein and Coronary Atherosclerosis Study
PLAC-1 Means Pravastatin Limitation of Atherosclerosis in the Coronary Arteries
Heidelburg Means Study on The Effects of Regular Physical Exercise and Low-Fat Diet on the Progression of Coronary Artery Disease
LOCAT Means Lopid Coronary Angiography Trial
Furthermore, plaque progression rates in POSCH and NHLBI are lower than in FATS and considerably lower than in LCAS, PLAC-1, Heidelberg, and LOCAT. (See Table IV.) This is true even when the LDL-c levels in each trial are in the same cohort. This in turn suggests that it may make a difference how one lowers LDL-c. Or it could suggest that the method of lowering LDL-c may affect the great modifier of LDL-c atherogenicity--i.e., HDL-c. The best angiographic results are obtained with treatments that affect the metabolism of cholesterol in the gut. POSCH utilized the partial ileal bypass technique to limit cholesterol absorption from the gut, thus limiting the amount of cholesterol absorbed, but perhaps also limiting the metabolism of cholesterol in the gut. In a similar manner, NHLBI used cholestyramine to bind gut cholesterol, thus not making cholesterol available for microbial metabolism. FATS had the next best results and utilized colestipol (another resin), with a lovastatin and a niacin arm. Following FATS with respect to angiographic plaque progression was LCAS, which utilized fluvastatin, though 25% of LCAS patients were also taking cholestyramine. PLAC-1, Heidelberg, and LOCAT did not use any treatments that would affect gut microbial function.
Hazen has shown that when choline and/or carnitine is metabolized by the gut microbiome, multiple metabolites are generated, one of which is trimethylalanine (TMA) which is taken into the body and transported to the liver, where it is oxidized by flavin monooxygenase 3 (FMO3) to form trimethylalanine-N-oxide (TMAO). (13) TMAO in turn blunts reverse cholesterol transport but without significant change to LDL-c or HDL-c. (14) This is associated with increased amounts of large particle HDL-c. (15) None of this is possible without an intact gut microbiome. (15) The precise mechanism by which TMAO enhances atherogenesis is speculative but is consistent with the following scenario: Dietary cholesterol, accompanied by phosphatidyalcholine and carnitine, enters the gut where it is absorbed in the distal ileum. Cholesterol is absorbed into the body in the distal ileum, as are presumably phosphatidyalcholine and carnitine, but before these latter two compounds are absorbed, they are metabolized to TMA by the gut microbiome. Cholesterol is carried to the liver and metabolized in the well known manner. TMA is also carried to the liver, where FMO3 converts phosphatidyalcholine (now reduced to just choline) and carnitine to TAMO. TAMO then blocks reverse cholesterol mediated by HDL particles, perhaps by preventing their off-loading lipid to the hepatocytes via the sterol regulatory element binding protein mechanism. This could result in large cholesterol particles, though not large enough to raise HDL-c levels, but large enough to distort the apo A-1 lipoprotein moiety, making it less effective in removing cholesterol from arterial wall cells, thus allowing plaques to increase in size (plaque progression).
If this scenario is correct, the partial ileal bypass procedure works because it prevents absorption of cholesterol in the distal ileum and this leads to lower LDL-c levels in the blood. No data is available as to the eff3ect of a partial ileal bypass on the absorption of TMA, but if phosphatidyalcholine and carnitine are diverted away form the gut microbiome of the distal ileum, production of TMA should be decreased and hence production of TMAO should be decreased. This would allow the HDL particle to participate fully in reverse cholesterol transport. Thus POSCH could support the Lipid Regulatory Hypothesis of Esko Nikkila, MD, (cited in the Helsinki Heart Study(16), which states that plaque regression is best achieved by raising HDL-c while simultaneously lowering LDL-c. This could explain why the Cholesterol Retention Fraction (CRF, defined as [LDL-c minus HDL-c]/LDL-c) perfectly predicted plaque outcome in 731 patients in POSCH. Specifically, if the CRF rose, even minutely at one year, then the angiogram at three years always showed plaque progression and if the CRF fell, even minutely, at one year, the angiogram always showed plaque non-progression. Moreover, in the author’s experience, HDL-c is able to compensate for LDL-c until LDL-c levels exceed 170 mg/dl (4.4 mmoles/L) and in POSCH, the rate of plaque progression began to fall once EOT LDL-c levels of 174 mg/dl (4.4 mmoles/L) were achieved. (See Table I.)
NHLBI, and to a lesser extent FATS and LCAS, utilize bile acid sequestrants, which bind cholesterol and could conceivably bind phosphatidyalcholeine and carnitine, thus making these compounds less available to the gut microbiome, with less TMA being produced in the gut. This would lead to less TMAO being generated in the liver via FMO 3. The other trials did not use agents that interfered with the access of the gut microbiome and showed more plaque progression, possibly because of increased levels of TMAO. This in turn could explain the “failure” of other trials that raised HDL-c but failed to lower subsequent ATD results.
Finally, a recent study by Sakuma showed that, at least in the REAL-CAD data, there appeared to be an optimal target goal of LDL-c lowering achieved at 70 mg/dl (enzymatic method, but 80 mg/dl precipitation method equivalent). (20) This finding supports the current paper and its earlier results. (13)
Conclusions
Analysis of the seven angiographic regression trials reveals that the method by which one lowers LDL-c may make a difference in terms of plaque progression. One must account for the gut microbiota to achieve optimal results. There does not appear to be an LDL-c level achieved that guarantees no plaque progression.
Clearly Auctoresonline and particularly Psychology and Mental Health Care Journal is dedicated to improving health care services for individuals and populations. The editorial boards' ability to efficiently recognize and share the global importance of health literacy with a variety of stakeholders. Auctoresonline publishing platform can be used to facilitate of optimal client-based services and should be added to health care professionals' repertoire of evidence-based health care resources.
Journal of Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Intervention The submission and review process was adequate. However I think that the publication total value should have been enlightened in early fases. Thank you for all.
Journal of Women Health Care and Issues By the present mail, I want to say thank to you and tour colleagues for facilitating my published article. Specially thank you for the peer review process, support from the editorial office. I appreciate positively the quality of your journal.
Journal of Clinical Research and Reports I would be very delighted to submit my testimonial regarding the reviewer board and the editorial office. The reviewer board were accurate and helpful regarding any modifications for my manuscript. And the editorial office were very helpful and supportive in contacting and monitoring with any update and offering help. It was my pleasure to contribute with your promising Journal and I am looking forward for more collaboration.
We would like to thank the Journal of Thoracic Disease and Cardiothoracic Surgery because of the services they provided us for our articles. The peer-review process was done in a very excellent time manner, and the opinions of the reviewers helped us to improve our manuscript further. The editorial office had an outstanding correspondence with us and guided us in many ways. During a hard time of the pandemic that is affecting every one of us tremendously, the editorial office helped us make everything easier for publishing scientific work. Hope for a more scientific relationship with your Journal.
The peer-review process which consisted high quality queries on the paper. I did answer six reviewers’ questions and comments before the paper was accepted. The support from the editorial office is excellent.
Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. I had the experience of publishing a research article recently. The whole process was simple from submission to publication. The reviewers made specific and valuable recommendations and corrections that improved the quality of my publication. I strongly recommend this Journal.
Dr. Katarzyna Byczkowska My testimonial covering: "The peer review process is quick and effective. The support from the editorial office is very professional and friendly. Quality of the Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on cardiology that is useful for other professionals in the field.
Thank you most sincerely, with regard to the support you have given in relation to the reviewing process and the processing of my article entitled "Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of The Prostate Gland: A Review and Update" for publication in your esteemed Journal, Journal of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics". The editorial team has been very supportive.
Testimony of Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology: work with your Reviews has been a educational and constructive experience. The editorial office were very helpful and supportive. It was a pleasure to contribute to your Journal.
Dr. Bernard Terkimbi Utoo, I am happy to publish my scientific work in Journal of Women Health Care and Issues (JWHCI). The manuscript submission was seamless and peer review process was top notch. I was amazed that 4 reviewers worked on the manuscript which made it a highly technical, standard and excellent quality paper. I appreciate the format and consideration for the APC as well as the speed of publication. It is my pleasure to continue with this scientific relationship with the esteem JWHCI.
This is an acknowledgment for peer reviewers, editorial board of Journal of Clinical Research and Reports. They show a lot of consideration for us as publishers for our research article “Evaluation of the different factors associated with side effects of COVID-19 vaccination on medical students, Mutah university, Al-Karak, Jordan”, in a very professional and easy way. This journal is one of outstanding medical journal.
Dear Hao Jiang, to Journal of Nutrition and Food Processing We greatly appreciate the efficient, professional and rapid processing of our paper by your team. If there is anything else we should do, please do not hesitate to let us know. On behalf of my co-authors, we would like to express our great appreciation to editor and reviewers.
As an author who has recently published in the journal "Brain and Neurological Disorders". I am delighted to provide a testimonial on the peer review process, editorial office support, and the overall quality of the journal. The peer review process at Brain and Neurological Disorders is rigorous and meticulous, ensuring that only high-quality, evidence-based research is published. The reviewers are experts in their fields, and their comments and suggestions were constructive and helped improve the quality of my manuscript. The review process was timely and efficient, with clear communication from the editorial office at each stage. The support from the editorial office was exceptional throughout the entire process. The editorial staff was responsive, professional, and always willing to help. They provided valuable guidance on formatting, structure, and ethical considerations, making the submission process seamless. Moreover, they kept me informed about the status of my manuscript and provided timely updates, which made the process less stressful. The journal Brain and Neurological Disorders is of the highest quality, with a strong focus on publishing cutting-edge research in the field of neurology. The articles published in this journal are well-researched, rigorously peer-reviewed, and written by experts in the field. The journal maintains high standards, ensuring that readers are provided with the most up-to-date and reliable information on brain and neurological disorders. In conclusion, I had a wonderful experience publishing in Brain and Neurological Disorders. The peer review process was thorough, the editorial office provided exceptional support, and the journal's quality is second to none. I would highly recommend this journal to any researcher working in the field of neurology and brain disorders.
Dear Agrippa Hilda, Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery, Editorial Coordinator, I trust this message finds you well. I want to extend my appreciation for considering my article for publication in your esteemed journal. I am pleased to provide a testimonial regarding the peer review process and the support received from your editorial office. The peer review process for my paper was carried out in a highly professional and thorough manner. The feedback and comments provided by the authors were constructive and very useful in improving the quality of the manuscript. This rigorous assessment process undoubtedly contributes to the high standards maintained by your journal.
International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews. I strongly recommend to consider submitting your work to this high-quality journal. The support and availability of the Editorial staff is outstanding and the review process was both efficient and rigorous.
Thank you very much for publishing my Research Article titled “Comparing Treatment Outcome Of Allergic Rhinitis Patients After Using Fluticasone Nasal Spray And Nasal Douching" in the Journal of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology. As Medical Professionals we are immensely benefited from study of various informative Articles and Papers published in this high quality Journal. I look forward to enriching my knowledge by regular study of the Journal and contribute my future work in the field of ENT through the Journal for use by the medical fraternity. The support from the Editorial office was excellent and very prompt. I also welcome the comments received from the readers of my Research Article.
Dear Erica Kelsey, Editorial Coordinator of Cancer Research and Cellular Therapeutics Our team is very satisfied with the processing of our paper by your journal. That was fast, efficient, rigorous, but without unnecessary complications. We appreciated the very short time between the submission of the paper and its publication on line on your site.
I am very glad to say that the peer review process is very successful and fast and support from the Editorial Office. Therefore, I would like to continue our scientific relationship for a long time. And I especially thank you for your kindly attention towards my article. Have a good day!
"We recently published an article entitled “Influence of beta-Cyclodextrins upon the Degradation of Carbofuran Derivatives under Alkaline Conditions" in the Journal of “Pesticides and Biofertilizers” to show that the cyclodextrins protect the carbamates increasing their half-life time in the presence of basic conditions This will be very helpful to understand carbofuran behaviour in the analytical, agro-environmental and food areas. We greatly appreciated the interaction with the editor and the editorial team; we were particularly well accompanied during the course of the revision process, since all various steps towards publication were short and without delay".
I would like to express my gratitude towards you process of article review and submission. I found this to be very fair and expedient. Your follow up has been excellent. I have many publications in national and international journal and your process has been one of the best so far. Keep up the great work.
We are grateful for this opportunity to provide a glowing recommendation to the Journal of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy. We found that the editorial team were very supportive, helpful, kept us abreast of timelines and over all very professional in nature. The peer review process was rigorous, efficient and constructive that really enhanced our article submission. The experience with this journal remains one of our best ever and we look forward to providing future submissions in the near future.
I am very pleased to serve as EBM of the journal, I hope many years of my experience in stem cells can help the journal from one way or another. As we know, stem cells hold great potential for regenerative medicine, which are mostly used to promote the repair response of diseased, dysfunctional or injured tissue using stem cells or their derivatives. I think Stem Cell Research and Therapeutics International is a great platform to publish and share the understanding towards the biology and translational or clinical application of stem cells.
I would like to give my testimony in the support I have got by the peer review process and to support the editorial office where they were of asset to support young author like me to be encouraged to publish their work in your respected journal and globalize and share knowledge across the globe. I really give my great gratitude to your journal and the peer review including the editorial office.
I am delighted to publish our manuscript entitled "A Perspective on Cocaine Induced Stroke - Its Mechanisms and Management" in the Journal of Neuroscience and Neurological Surgery. The peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal are excellent. The manuscripts published are of high quality and of excellent scientific value. I recommend this journal very much to colleagues.
Dr.Tania Muñoz, My experience as researcher and author of a review article in The Journal Clinical Cardiology and Interventions has been very enriching and stimulating. The editorial team is excellent, performs its work with absolute responsibility and delivery. They are proactive, dynamic and receptive to all proposals. Supporting at all times the vast universe of authors who choose them as an option for publication. The team of review specialists, members of the editorial board, are brilliant professionals, with remarkable performance in medical research and scientific methodology. Together they form a frontline team that consolidates the JCCI as a magnificent option for the publication and review of high-level medical articles and broad collective interest. I am honored to be able to share my review article and open to receive all your comments.
“The peer review process of JPMHC is quick and effective. Authors are benefited by good and professional reviewers with huge experience in the field of psychology and mental health. The support from the editorial office is very professional. People to contact to are friendly and happy to help and assist any query authors might have. Quality of the Journal is scientific and publishes ground-breaking research on mental health that is useful for other professionals in the field”.
Dear editorial department: On behalf of our team, I hereby certify the reliability and superiority of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews in the peer review process, editorial support, and journal quality. Firstly, the peer review process of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is rigorous, fair, transparent, fast, and of high quality. The editorial department invites experts from relevant fields as anonymous reviewers to review all submitted manuscripts. These experts have rich academic backgrounds and experience, and can accurately evaluate the academic quality, originality, and suitability of manuscripts. The editorial department is committed to ensuring the rigor of the peer review process, while also making every effort to ensure a fast review cycle to meet the needs of authors and the academic community. Secondly, the editorial team of the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is composed of a group of senior scholars and professionals with rich experience and professional knowledge in related fields. The editorial department is committed to assisting authors in improving their manuscripts, ensuring their academic accuracy, clarity, and completeness. Editors actively collaborate with authors, providing useful suggestions and feedback to promote the improvement and development of the manuscript. We believe that the support of the editorial department is one of the key factors in ensuring the quality of the journal. Finally, the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is renowned for its high- quality articles and strict academic standards. The editorial department is committed to publishing innovative and academically valuable research results to promote the development and progress of related fields. The International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews is reasonably priced and ensures excellent service and quality ratio, allowing authors to obtain high-level academic publishing opportunities in an affordable manner. I hereby solemnly declare that the International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews has a high level of credibility and superiority in terms of peer review process, editorial support, reasonable fees, and journal quality. Sincerely, Rui Tao.
Clinical Cardiology and Cardiovascular Interventions I testity the covering of the peer review process, support from the editorial office, and quality of the journal.
